This article is being reprinted with permission from Bizzywomen.com

Although we often hear about the “wonders” of compound interest, many people don’t know what it actually means and they miss out on its benefits.

Two quotes are attributed to Albert Einstein regarding compound interest. Einstein apparently referred to compound interest as “the greatest mathematical discovery of all time,” and on another occasion he claimed that it was the “eighth wonder of the world.” Although we don’t know if these quotes are accurate, there is definitely something magical about compound interest.

What is it?
Compound interest is the ability of an asset to generate earnings, which are then reinvested in order to generate their own income. In other words, the term “compounding” refers to generating earnings from previous earnings. The magic of compound interest transforms your hard-earned money into a very efficient tool for building long-term capital. For compounding to really work, however, it is necessary to reinvest all earnings over time. When an investor gives more time to his investments, he is more likely to optimize the income potential of the original sum.

Example
If an investor had $5,000 in an account that paid 5% annually in simple interest for five years, he would earn $250 a year. This would generate a total of $1,250 in interest. In this case, the interest rate and the yield are the same — 5% per year.
However, the same $5,000 investment paying 5% in compound interest could earn more. In this situation, if the money is reinvested and compounded annually for five years, it would produce a total of $1,381.41 in interest. This is because when the investor earns interest on his interest, the yield — an average of 5.52% per year — is higher than the actual interest rate at which he initially invested. This difference of 0.52% a year may seem insignificant, but we should also consider that the investor did not need to work to receive this money. Moreover, this half a percent could make a significant difference over a longer period, such as 20 or 30 years.
The Earlier the Better
When an investor starts investing at a younger age, he will benefit far more from compounding. To understand this further, let’s take the case of two investors named Tzivia and Moshe Aryeh, who are both the same age. When Tzivia was 25, she invested $15,000 at an interest rate of 5.5%, which was compounded annually. By the time Tzivia reached 50, she had $57,200 in her bank account.

Moshe Aryeh, on the other hand, did not start investing until he reached the age of 35. At that time, he invested $15,000 at the same interest rate of 5.5% compounded annually. By the time Moshe Aryeh reached 50, he had just $33,487 in his bank account.

What happened? Both Tzivia and Moshe Aryeh are 50 years old, and both invested the same amount of money ($15,000) at the same rate of interest (5.5%). However, Tzivia had $23,713 ($57,200 - $33,487) more in her savings account than Moshe Aryeh, even though he invested the same amount of money! By giving her investment more time to grow, Tzivia earned a total of $42,200 in interest while Moshe Aryeh earned only $18,487.

Annual Contributions
The above example clearly demonstrates the positive benefits of compound interest. Taking it a step further, imagine that Tzivia, who invested $15,000 at the age of 25, also adds an extra $2,000 a year to her account, where everything is invested at a rate of 5.5%. If she were to continue this disciplined investment approach until retirement (at the age of 65) she would end up with over $413,000. And if Tzivia were to add some risk to her investment profile in the hope of getting an even higher return, her nest egg at retirement could grow even more substantially.
The Cost of Waiting
As mentioned earlier, the two essential aspects for compounding to work are reinvesting the earnings and time. Each year that goes by without any investment will therefore affect your retirement. If you have 30-40 years until retirement, every year that you forego saving or investing money today may subtract between 1-5 years from your retirement.

Just Start
You don’t have to be wealthy to start investing. If you start saving early and make disciplined contributions, compounding may mean that you, too, can retire with a very large nest egg.

Aaron Katsman is President of Global Investments at Profile Investment Services.  He is a licensed financial professional both in the U.S. and Israel, and helps people who open investment accounts in the U.S. Securities which are offered through Portfolio Resources Group, Inc. a registered broker dealer, Member FINRA, SIPC, MSRB, SIFMA. For more information email aaron@profile-financial.com

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For the past 10 months or more, most business news reports will tell you that the global stock markets are down again. However, although the media tend to play this up, it is in fact nothing unusual. Generally, though past performance is no guarantee of future returns, markets have a few good years, followed by a less-than-stellar year or two. For example, in the current market cycle, there were four or five good years, and now the markets have dropped. That’s precisely why investors in the stock market need a long-term horizon, as well as to be able to withstand all of the market ups and downs. Below are three investing tips that may help investors remain sane during market downturns:

Diversify

To understand this concept more easily, we first need to define the meaning of diversification. Diversification is an investment technique that uses many varied investments within a single portfolio. The idea behind it is that a portfolio of different kinds of investments may, on average, yield higher returns and pose a lower risk than a single investment. Diversification tries to smooth out volatility in a portfolio caused by market, interest rate, currency and geopolitical risks. In laymen’s terms, don’t put all your eggs in one basket. It’s important to remember that diversification does not assure against a loss.

If you include bonds or FDIC-insured Certificates of Deposit (CDs) in your stock portfolio, it may take away some of the volatility of the portfolio, allowing for potentially, more stable returns over the long run.

Don’t Panic

Keep you eyes glued to your long-term goals. It’s important to remember that markets go up and down, and if you made a financial plan, it would have taken this type of market volatility into account. The worst thing you can do as an investor is panic and sell everything and then wait for the market to recover. The market tends to recover very quickly. Large market gains often come about in quick and unpredictable spurts, and missing just a few days of strong market returns can substantially erode long-term performance. Remember the famous investing principle of buying low and selling high. Investors who panic often end up selling low.

Rebalance

The third principle is for investors to update or re balance their investment portfolios. Rebalancing is necessary for two main reasons. First of all, it keeps your asset allocation in line with your risk level and, secondly, it keeps your portfolio in line with both your short- and long-term goals and needs.

Let’s use the following example: When you first decide to invest, you decide that an allocation of 70% stocks and 30% bonds seems right for your $100,000 portfolio. We can also assume that over the course of the past few years, the stock market moved up strongly, and bonds barely moved up at all.

Based on the assumption that all gains and dividends were reinvested, and you didn’t deposit or withdraw any money, you would find that the stock portion of the portfolio would be worth a lot more than the initial $70,000. On the other hand, your bond holdings would be worth little more than the $30,000 invested in them.

However, while it is true that over the last few years your portfolio in this case would have grown, it would unfortunately have also become riskier. The reason for this is because the portfolio would move from being a 70% stock and 30% bond allocation to an allocation of 80% stocks and 20% bonds.

In this situation, if you don’t rebalance and you have a riskier portfolio, when the market starts to drop, this could lead to a greater loss.

It is a good idea to implement these three tips, as they are a possible means to help you weather the storm of volatile markets.

Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results. The S&P 500 index measures large-cap stocks and US stock market performance of leading companies in leading industries. An investor can not invest directly in an index.

Please see our Disclaimer HERE.

Aaron Katsman is Managing Editor of the Israel Opportunity Investor newsletter. He is lead portfolio manager for the Israel Growth Portfolio and Managing Director of America Israel Investment Associates, LLC. For more information, go to www.israelnewsletter.com or call 1-888-327-6179, or email aaron@profile-financial.com.

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You turn on the faucet, and-voila-you have a drink of water! Those of us who come from western nations tend to take water for granted. However, after a few years in Israel, we appreciate the fact that whatever water we receive is a gift. The media is filled with reports about how the world is running low on crude oil, but not too much attention is paid to the growing water crisis.
Water as an Investment
As abundant as it appears to be, only about 20% of the global population has access to running water.  Additionally, only one-third of the world’s population has access to clean water. In fact, many estimate that in 40 years, more than four billion people, half the world’s population, will be living in areas that are chronically short of water. Moreover, economic development has placed greater pressure than ever on the supply of fresh water. In 1900, the global annual water use per capita was 350 cubic meters. In 2000, that number had grown to 642 cubic meters. In the United States alone, the demand for water has tripled in the past 30 years, while the population has grown by just 50%.
China, Africa and the United States
The need to increase access to clean water around the world has led some to call water the “oil” of this century. As the world becomes more and more developed, wealthy countries will not only be able to afford, but will also have a moral obligation to provide this basic necessity to their citizens. China and India, which are experiencing economic booms right now, are therefore investing hundreds of billions of dollars in improvements to their water infrastructure, while many sub-Saharan African countries that are beginning to show signs of economic growth will soon need to begin to provide basic resources to their population. In all three of these examples, these are huge populations that are in their infancy when it comes to the basic needs of their citizens. They have been steeped in poverty for decades, and they are emerging only now. As such, they need to start from scratch, which means access to water and building roads.
In terms of the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency estimates that up to $1 trillion will have to be spent on upgrading U.S. water infrastructure over the next few years. The country’s aging infrastructure, much of which is more than 100 years old and has long exceeded its useful life, is in a state of utter disrepair. In the United States alone, the network of drinking water pipes extends more than 700,000 miles - more than four times the length of the National Highway System. This all adds up to the need for new reservoirs, better water canals and more efficient irrigation systems. Israel happens to be a global leader in the innovative technology needed for making such repairs.
Get Advice
While many experts believe that there will never be substitutes for water, I tend to take a much more optimistic view of things. All kinds of technologies are being created to tackle the issue before it turns into a crisis. If we were to fast-forward 50 years, I am sure that we would be shocked at the technological advances made. Investors should speak with their financial advisers to see what options are available to invest in the water industry.

Please see our Disclaimer HERE.

Aaron Katsman is Managing Editor of the Israel Opportunity Investor newsletter. He is lead portfolio manager for the Israel Growth Portfolio and Managing Director of America Israel Investment Associates, LLC. For more information, go to www.israelnewsletter.com or call 1-888-327-6179, or email aaron@profile-financial.com.

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